What does 'adaptive reuse' in architecture involve?

Adaptive reuse in architecture involves repurposing existing buildings for new functions. This practice focuses on the sustainable transformation of old structures, giving them a new life and purpose while preserving their historical and architectural value. It allows for the integration of modern needs and technologies without the environmental impact associated with new construction. By converting spaces that may no longer serve their original purpose into something relevant to today's needs—such as turning a factory into apartments, or a church into a community center—adaptive reuse is an effective way to address urban development challenges.

The other options do not accurately describe adaptive reuse. Building new structures on vacant land represents traditional construction rather than a sustainable practice involving existing buildings. Demolishing outdated buildings contradicts the principles of adaptive reuse, which aims to keep these structures intact. Designing energy-efficient structures relates more to sustainability in new construction rather than the adaptive reuse of existing buildings.